The Taxpayer
Relief Act of 1997 created a variety of new IRA options. Not only
did it change the rules for the traditional IRA, but it also introduced
the Roth and Education IRAs.
Traditional
IRAs are more attractive than ever because expanded income limits
mean more people will be able to make tax-deductible contributions.
In addition, penalty-free withdrawals are allowed for qualified
higher-education expenses and for a first time home purchase.
Contributions
to the Roth IRA or Education IRA aren't tax deductible, but the
accounts offer the opportunity for tax-free earnings.
To help you
understand the basic differences among these IRAs, we have created
this chart for you. These highlights will help you determine which
type of IRA might be best for you. For additional information on
how each type of account would benefit your specific situation,
talk to your tax adviser. When you are ready to contribute to an
IRA, please contact us at the Credit Union. We're here to help you
save for your goals with an IRA.
|
Roth |
Traditional |
Educational |
Who can contribute? |
Anyone who has income from compensation (or who is filing jointly with a spouse who earns compensation) with up to a MAGI* of $110,000 for single filers or $160,000 for joint filers |
Anyone under age 70 1/2 with income from compensation |
Same eligibility requirements as the Roth IRA
Contributions are not allowed after the beneficiary reaches the age of 18 or in any year there is a contribution to a state tuition program for the same beneficiary |
How much can I contribute |
Total combined contributions to Roth IRAs up to $2,000/year or 100% of compensation, whichever is less |
Total combined contributions to Traditional IRAs up to $2,000/year or 100% of compensation, whichever is less |
No more than $500 total each year for all Education IRAs open on the child's behalf |
Who can make deductible contributions |
Contributions are not deductible |
Fully deductible contributions for:
- Single individuals not active in employer retirement plan regardless of income
- Single individuals active in employer retirement plan with MAGI* of $30,000 or less
- Married couples with neither spouse active in employer retirement plans regardless of income
- Married individuals active in employer retirement plans with joint MAGI* of $50,000 or less
- Married individuals not active in employer retirement plans with spouses who are with MAGI* of $150,000 or less |
No one can deduct contributions |
What are the tax advantages? |
Contributions can be withdrawn tax-free and penalty-free at any time
After the account has been open for five tax years, earnings can be withdrawn tax-free and penalty-free after the age of 59 1/2, for disability, for death, or for a first-time home purchase
Earnings can be withdrawn penalty-free for the same reasons that apply to Traditional IRAs |
Earnings grow tax-deferred until withdrawn
Contributions may be tax-deductible |
Withdrawals for qualified higher-education expenses are tax-free |
When can I withdraw without restrictions? |
Earnings are tax-free if account is open for five tax years and withdrawn for a qualified reason
Not required to start withdrawals at age 70 1/2 |
Penalty-free withdrawals are allowed for any of the following reasons:
- Qualified higher education expenses
- First-time home purchase
- Disability
- Qualifying medical expenses exceeding 7.5% of income
- Payment to beneficiaries upon owners death
- Payment of health insurance premiums while unemployed |
Withdrawals are tax-free and penalty- free only for qualified higher-education expenses (earnings are subject to tax and penalty for other withdrawals)
Funds can be transferred from one child's account to another child in the family |